Meio Ambiente

Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity / United Nations Environment Programme

At a ceremony held yesterday (February 2) in New York, the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization was opened for signature by Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity. Addressing the opening ceremony, United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon called on all Parties to expedite the early entry into force of this new legal instrument at the service of sustainable development and to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals.

Speaking on behalf of the President of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), Japan's Vice-Minister for Global Environmental Affairs, Mr. Tatsushi Terada, said: "The historic adoption of the Nagoya Protocol on Access and Benefit-sharing was indeed the fruit of the collective efforts of all the Parties. The next step that we need to focus is the early entry into force and the effective implementation of the Protocol."

During the ceremony, representatives of Colombia, Yemen, Brazil and Algeria signed the Nagoya Protocol, which remains open for signature until 1 February 2012 at the United Nations Headquarters in New York.

After six years of negotiations, the tenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity adopted the Nagoya Protocol on 29 October 2010, in Nagoya, Japan. The Protocol builds on the Convention and supports the further implementation of one of its objectives: the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources.

The Protocol provides the means to translate the Convention's objective into reality. Speaking on its immense significance, the Executive Secretary of the Convention on Biological Diversity, Mr. Ahmed Djoghlaf, said: "It will benefit all. Indeed, it will provide greater legal certainty and transparency for both providers and users of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge. It will facilitate access to genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge, on the one hand, and support the fair and equitable sharing of benefits with the provider country and indigenous and local communities, on the other."

Genetic resources, whether from plant, animal or micro-organisms, are used for various purposes, ranging from basic research to the development of products. Users of genetic resources include research institutes, universities and private companies operating in various sectors such as pharmaceuticals, agriculture, horticulture, cosmetics and biotechnology.

Benefits derived from genetic resources may include the sharing of the results of research and development carried out on genetic resources the transfer of technologies that make use of those resources, participation in biotechnological research activities, or monetary benefits arising from the commercialization of products based on genetic resources, such as pharmaceuticals.

The Nagoya Protocol enters into force 90 days after the deposit of the fiftieth instrument of ratification, acceptance, approval, or accession. The eleventh meeting of the Conference of the Parties, being held in India from 8 to 19 October 2012, is the target for convening the first meeting of the Parties to the Protocol. For this target to be met, the Nagoya Protocol must enter into force no later than 8 October 2012, with the fiftieth instrument of ratification deposited no later than 10 July 2012.

The Nagoya Protocol's early entry into force is strategically important for the successful implementation of the Convention. The Conference of the Parties and the United Nations General Assembly have called upon the Convention's 193 Parties to sign the Nagoya Protocol at the earliest opportunity, and to deposit their instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval, or instruments of accession, as appropriate, as soon as possible.

Monique Barbut, CEO and Chairperson of the Global Environment Facility (GEF) announced a million dollar project to support the early entry into force of the Protocol, stating that: "The GEF, as the designated financial mechanism of this new legal instrument, is fully committed to ensure it moves into force as quickly as possible. The Nagoya Protocol is the latest tool toward serving what marks 20 years of strong results investing locally for global impact."